5-22

5) What improvements in railway transportation were brought about by new technology?

Air Brakes

Refrigerated Cars

Janney Car Couplers

Pullman Sleeping Car

Electromagnetic Brakes

6) What were four of Thomas Edison's inventions?

Electric Lightbulb

Phonograph

Telephone Transmitter

Storage Battery

7) What inventions improved communications in the late 1800s?

Telephone

Telegraph

8) What manufacturing methods did Henry Ford use to make his new automobile affordable?

The assembly line

9) What is vertical integration?

Getting companies that provided the equipment and services needed

10) What action did Congress take to control trusts and monopolies in response to pressure from the American people?

Sherman Antitrust Act

11) What is collective bargaining?

Unions represent workers in agreements with management

12) How did the Haymarket Riot of 1886 affect public opinion about the labor movement?

Many people associated the labor movement with terrorism and evil

People got pannicky

13) Describe the contributions of African American inventors in the late 1800s.

Jan Matzeliger created a shoe-making apparatus

Lewis H Latimer developed an improved filament for the light bulb.

Elijah McCoy invented a mechanism for oiling machinery

Granville Woods patented the electric incubator, electromagnetic brake, and an automatic circuit breaker.

14) How did horizontal integration differ from vertical integration?

Horizontal combines competing firms into one corporation.

Vertical acquired companies that provided the needed equipment and services.

15) Why did the workers think that forming organized labor unions would help them get what they wanted from employers?

They could legally force their way into better working conditions

16) Describe two ways in which the growing railroad network helped American industry.

Industrial westward expansion

Farmers moving west

17) What forms of transportation moved goods into and out of this region?

Trains

Ships

18) What industry grew in the timbered regions of Wisconsin and Michigan?

Sawmills

19) Identify the major iron/steel manufacturing centers shown on the map.

South Bend

Detroit

Cleveland

Youngstown

Buffalo

Pittsburgh

20) If you traveled from Florida to California, what time zones would you cross?

Eastern

Central

Mountain

Pacific

21) If it is 6 AM in Maine, what time is it in Hawaii?

1 AM

22) If it is 3 PM in Texas, what time is it in Alaska?

12 PM