Brave New World Notes

1492 sailed
Spain was fueled by an appetite for gold and fear of Prtugals lead in exploration

Columbus kept a reward which did not belong to him for spotting land

Land was Samana Cay

Only gold found was in the earrings worn by the Natives
Enslaved Arawaks

Never reached the mainland of the present USA
Tobacco to Spain in 1555

EUROPE THIRSTY FOR

Constantinople fell to the Turks in 1453 it meant an end to the easy spice route that served as the economic lifeline Mediterranean

Prince Henry the Navigator founder of a great scholarly seaport on coastal Portugal

            Bartholomeu Dias – reached Cape Good Hope 1488

            Vasco da Gama – sailed to India 1495

The flat-earth idea was finished by the time Christoper sailed

Columbus lied about the distance of the voyage shortening it about 600 mi to 2400
Pizzaro conquer Incas

WHO DISCOVER AMERICA?

Leif Eriksson reached NA and established a colony called Vinland 1000AD

            Left because of trouble with the skelings or Natives
Ponce de Leon first Euro. to set foot on future land

NATIVE DISOVER AMERICA

Time  Columbus arrived there were millions of Natives

Came over Berringea

Europeans killed 90% of Natives all in the name of progess, civilazation and Christianity

AMERICA NAME

Named after Amerigo Vespucci – an Itallion sailor/explorer

WHERE 1^st EUROPE SETTLEMENTS?

Spanish romed over most America before English even arrived

The Spanish following Columbus began a centur of exploration, colonization and subjigation

If Spanish were there first what was so important about Jamestown?

            Century 1492-1588 exploration brought in gold

            Made lazy in new technologies, didn’t try

            Then British defeated Spanish Armada in 1588 destroying Spanish power

WHAT NW PASSAGE

1576 Sir Humphrey first used the term NW Passage to describe a sea route around NA as he continued to search for a route to China

LOST COLONY

Roanke founded by Sir Walter Raleigh

Most died or fled into the surrounding tribes

JAMESTOWN STARTED
1607 founded

Private enterprise by Virginia Co. aka wealth, money, the green stuff
       founded for profit (gold, timber, blah blah ect.)

Bad choice of location

Gentlemen who were not accustomed to hard work

Many died

CANABALISM!!
1612 - John Rolfe brought tobacco
1619 - women, self-government, slaves

POCA SAVE JOHN SMITH?

John Smith wroite the account about her taking his head in her lap

She was 11 at the time!

John was an adventurer, soldier, privateer

He was instrumental in saving the early Jamestown

         Good trader, forager ruled with an Iron fist

Poca eventually got married to John Rolfe

            John Rolfe brought Tobacco, saving the colony economically

BURGESSES

Despite tobacco profits, Jamestown was not doing fab.

1619 new management was brought to Virginia Company (founders of Jamestown)

Land owning white males composed a council of law with a governor at its head

Lured by prospect of land 6000 came over in 1624

            A census that year showed only 1277 to be alive

            They starved, died in fighting Indians

King revoke charter in 1624 now a royal colony

1619 = 90 women were sent to Jamestown because there were so few

STARTING OF SLAVE TRADE

Portugal had 10 black slaves 50years before Columbus

Spain became a major trader

20 Africans brought over to Jamestown by Dutch slaver ship

WHO PILGRIMS
1630 John WInthrope founed Mass.

1 year after Burgesses 1^st met the Pilgrims founded the second permanent Eng. settlement

102 passenger 50 or so were “pilgrims”102 passenger 50 or so were “pilgrims”

Christopher Jones captain of Mayflower did not follow the correct path

            Followed a more Westernly route

Protestant Reformation in England meant turbulent religious times

            Some English were Catholic others were not

Puritans though Church of England was too close to Rome so they separated

These Puritans that went so far against the Church of England they were forced out of England or “underground”

            Backed financially by London Merchants & Virginia Co. they started for A.

Laned OUTSIDE the range of the Virginia Co.’s land

MAYFLOWER COMPACT

Constructed because of threat of Mutiny by Pilgrim leaders

            People got rowdy cause they were outside of Virginia Co. land

Considered first constitution in American soil

PILGRIM REALLY LAND AT PLYMOUTH ROCK

Brief exploration of  Cape Cod then continued on

Found a broad round harbor they recognized from John Smith’s maps

Dec 16 the Mayflower Passengers reached their new home

No mention of Plymouth Rock in any historical account

            At least 100 yrs later the rock was carved

Came at a bad time to plant

            By spring pnemonia, ill planning, & hard winter cost lives of 52 of them

In March Squanto came 1605. Spoke English, in 1622 died of fever

Wampanoags and Pilgrims became fast friends cause of Squanto

1629-1642 between 14,000 & 20,000 came to West Indies and New England

            Most were Puritans brought over by the Massachusetts Bay Company

WHO STARTED NY

Dutch founded New Netherland in the Hudson Valley

Hudson himself was in explorer in 1609 who staked claims

            Was looking for NW Passage

Dutch became true world power in maritime affairs

            Largest merchant fleet

WHEN DID FRENCH REACH AMERICA

Temporary settlements in New Foundland

1600 – trading post on St. Laurence was founded

Samuel de Champlain key explorer

            1608 – founded Quebec

Mainly interested in trading

1629 English pirate capurtued Quebec

Iroquois powerful enemies of French allies

Good explorers