American Journey Ch 5 Sec 3 Compiled Notes

1768- British soldiers are sent to Boston to quell any rising rebellion

March 5, 1770 - Boston Massacre; colonists vs Brits in a riot; 5 men dead; colonists used 5 men dead for anti-British propaganda; lead to stronger boycotts

1772 - Committee of Correspondence is revived; smear campaign on British

December 16, 1773 Boston Tea Party - Sons of Liberty disguise themselves and throw 342 chests of tea into Boston Harbor

1774 Tea Act - created to ensure the East India Trading Co.'s survival; enabled them to ship tea to colonies w/out paying taxes

1774 Coercive Acts - made to puninsh Colonists; closed Boston Harbor; essentially shut down harbor

1774 Quebec Acts - granted self government to Quebec; allowed religious freedom for French Catholics

Intolerable Acts - all of the above

American Journey Pg 135; 1-5

1.     The writs of assistance attempted to stop any goods, and therefore revenue, from not taxed.

a.     Effigies in conjunction with boycotts and no importation petitions were used to protest the British government’s new taxes. The colonists tried to use a resolution to force Parliament to repeal the new Acts.

2.     1.Taxes upon them, without their agreement

2.The colonists were not allowed to spread west

3.     The colonists believed that their systems of government were being put into question and Britain was not upholding their bargain to let them govern themselves.

4.     There was a huge war debt and to try and pay for the war, the British began to tax the colonists. This challenged the independent spirit that had been growing in America and the idea of a colonial government.

5.     1.Sugar Act ~ Believed their rights as Englishmen were being violates

2.Stamp Act ~Colonists agreed by direct interference by parliament, and without consent

3.Townshend Act -> Imported goods were taxed, still cause colonist anger because the “fire” had been started

Pt 2 French & Indian War

PT 2

At 1^st Baddock campaign GW thought signed up for

George W thought the command was bad, shape of the troops bad

GW believed that strict discipline would help Virginia troops

            2 disserts were hanged under his order

            Used British as examples for molding Colonial troops

New England did not like Brits military

            Terms of enlistment were serious

            No serving unless under personal colonial commander NO BRIT OFFICER

Laughten took over for Braddock expecting to be followed to a T

Loius de Tomount- French commander Officer

            Went to Natives to greet was not impressed

            Believed they were savages

Pawnee took lady captive

            they called her Dakwamus

            welcomed her as a new sister

Braddock orders all French speaking Arcadians outta British territories (Nova Scotia), forced to go to Colonies or swear allegiance to Britain

Chief Big Business  = Johnson; British

Mercomp believes Natives to be savages in their tactics and

Mercomp attacks Lake George w/ 2000 Natives men 6000 French troops

            Brits spot them w// canoes & mortar & cannons

            They are surrounded by 3 French camps

            Gives Brits a chance to surrender

                        They do not

            500 men dig trenches round clock for 3 days to Lake George & Brits

            native kills messenger from Lk George to other Brit for help

                        French find letter, gives them upper hand

            Monroe is Brit commander

            British surrender

            To avoid Natives capturing people Mercom escorts the English from fort

            Natives are feeling beytrayed by Mercom’s actions

They come and loot the Monroe/Brits possessions with they think they are due

            Natives decide they might have to abandon French

PT 2 Q’s

1) How did captive taking hurt or help Indians in the French and Indian War?

            It helped boost their numbers, however, in the end it showed them the French’s true nature. France attempted to deny them a part of their rightful share.

2) Why were the Acadians removed from Nova Scotia by the British?

             They were French speaking and the British wanted to secure their loyalty or have them moved out of a rather wild and very French territory.

3) How did lack of cultural understanding increase tensions between allies and shape the progress of the French and Indian War?

            The French found the morals and customs of the Natives to be different than their own. Of course they considered their own to be superior. The Indians believed the French to be almost stupid and incomprehensible in their dealings. Their honor was not based on the same principals as the French.

4) Compare Johnson and Montcalm’s attitudes towards the Natives.

            Johnson must use the Natives and therefore is much more tolerant and respectful to them. He recruits a few, 100 or so, Mohawks, not super influential. Montcalm doesn’t believe they have morals, they are essentially savages, their warfare isn’t on par with Europeans. Natives “massacre” Brits from Lake George Fort for their goods, as they think they have a right to. Montcalm believes this breaks his honor, as he promised the Brits safe passage.

5) List all the important people in Part II and what they do.

-Montcalm – French commander

-Braddock – British commander

-George Washinton – young officer in the British army; -Virginian colonist

- Loius de Tomount – French officer sent to negotiate with the Natives